How to Choose an Industrial PCB RJ45 Jack: Seven Constraints That Decide the Part
Choosing an industrial PCB RJ45 jack starts from the constraint the application imposes, not from the application name. Seven constraints decide most choices: v
TECHNICAL ARTICLES
Selection Guides
How to choose by specs and application
Selection Guides
48 articles
EtherCAT PHY Requirements: What an EtherCAT Slave Needs from Its PHY
An EtherCAT slave needs a PHY that runs IEEE 802.3 100BASE-TX (or 100BASE-FX) at 100 Mbit/s full duplex and connects to the EtherCAT slave controller (ESC), pre
USB ESD Protection: How to Choose ESD Diodes for USB 2.0 and Type-C Ports
USB ESD protection means placing an ESD diode on every line that leaves the board through the USB connector, as close to the connector as the layout allows, so
Inductor Saturation Current vs Rated Current (Isat vs Irms): Which Do You Check First?
Saturation current (Isat) and rated current (Irms) limit different things, so a power inductor has to pass both checks. Isat is the DC current at which inductan
Unidirectional vs Bidirectional TVS Diode: Which One Does Your Line Need?
A unidirectional TVS diode clamps surges in one direction only: when the line goes positive past its breakdown voltage it clamps, and when the line goes negativ
How to Design a Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) Interface: Magnetics, PoDL and Connectors
Design a Single Pair Ethernet port: DC-blocking caps, common mode choke, optional isolation transformer, PoDL coupling and IEC 63171 connector choice.
What Is Single Pair Ethernet (SPE)? PHY Types, Cable Reach and the 2026 Standards
Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) runs Ethernet over one twisted pair. Compare 10BASE-T1L (1,000 m), 10BASE-T1S, 100BASE-T1 and the 2026 802.3da and 802.3dg.
Selection GuidesMII vs RMII vs RGMII vs SGMII: Which MAC-to-PHY Interface Should You Use?MII vs RMII vs RGMII vs SGMII: Which MAC-to-PHY Interface Should You Use?
MII vs RMII vs RGMII vs SGMII: data width, clock and pin count (RGMII 12 pins, SGMII 1.25 Gbps serial), and how to pick the MAC-to-PHY interface.
Selection GuidesOSFP vs QSFP-DD vs QSFP28 vs QSFP112OSFP vs QSFP-DD vs QSFP28 vs QSFP112: Host-Board Cage and Connector Differences
OSFP vs QSFP-DD on the board: QSFP-DD adds a second contact row (76 vs 38) and accepts QSFP modules; OSFP uses 60 pins. Also covers QSFP28 and QSFP112.
Selection GuidesIEEE 802.3bt PoE MagneticsIEEE 802.3bt PoE Magnetics: How to Choose the Data-Side LAN Transformer
In 4-pair operation, an IEEE 802.3bt (PoE++) port drives DC current through the cable-side center taps of the LAN transformer on all four pairs, so the data-sid
Selection GuidesShielded vs Unshielded RJ45 Connector: When Does a PCB Jack Need a Shield, and How Should It Be Grounded?Shielded vs Unshielded RJ45 Connector: When Does a PCB Jack Need a Shield, and How Should It Be Grounded?
Short answer. Use a shielded RJ45 connector when the product will be cabled with shielded twisted pair (F/UTP, S/FTP and similar), when it sits in a metal enclo
How to Choose a LAN Transformer (Part 1): Understanding Its Internal Structure
Understand differential pairs, pairsets and ports, then select a VOOHU LAN Transformer by data rate, port count and PoE current rating.
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